الدحيح | الطاعون الأسود
الطاعون والجنون..حكاية خوف عُمره 700 سنة!
في القرن الرابع عشر الميلادي اجتاح الطاعون الأسود أوروبا قادمًا من آسيا عن طريق فئران السفن ليقتل ثلث سكان القارة الأوروبية. حينها لم يعلم البشر طبيعة هذا الشر الذي يحصد أرواحهم في ساعات أو في أيام قليلة من ظهور أعراضه. وظهرت تفسيرات كثيرة أسطورية لوصف المرض الذي نعرف الآن أنه كان عدوى بكتيرية في الأساس.
استطاع الطاعون الاسهام في تغييرات كبيرة جدًا في أوروبا في النواحي الاجتماعية الاقتصادية هناك، والخوف والفزع والموت الذي سببهم في العصور القديمة نشاهد له شبيهًا الآن بسبب الكورونا .. ورغم الاختلاف الكبير بين ما وصل إليه العلم في القرن الـ 21 عن القرن الـ 14 إلا أن الخوف مازال قادرًا على التحكم في البشر.
#الدحيح #متحف_المستقبل
المصادر:
Articles and Related Links:
https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/black-death#:~:text=The%20Black%20Death%20was%20a,the%20Sicilian%20port%20of%20Messina.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Black-Death/Cause-and-outbreak
https://www.ranker.com/list/how-black-plague-changed-world/kellen-perry
https://www.americanscientist.org/article/the-bright-side-of-the-black-death
2-https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/the-plague
https://www.livescience.com/2497-black-death-changed-world.html
3-https://www.britannica.com/event/Black-Death/Effects-and-significance
5-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2630035/
https://origins.osu.edu/connecting-history/covid-black-death-plague-lessons?language_content_entity=en
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/plague-doctors-beaked-masks-coronavirus?fbclid=IwAR0fMEch_Gf-QB9iEKFrPOoJ0KQ1sfuvv-yMulI5sKHfNkVLLitDYBkojsY#:~:text=In%20the%2017th%20century%2C%20people,to%20fend%20off%20the%20disease
6-https://www.britannica.com/summary/Black-Death-Key-Facts
8-http://onala.free.fr/ditura1349.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1SGQJkGeumIzSpFOpijAZaC2O_LU7Z-hKyBSTuHmBQwRwnvaWZ5ImT3Ik
9- 16-
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/plague-doctors-beaked-masks-coronavirus?fbclid=IwAR1e31R4ZkdmgeyLSYy2uNTjpl4i8LFUt1WYKz3LoLv3dRD3rZbftJ8Ebfo#:~:text=In%20the%2017th%20century%2C%20people,to%20fend%20off%20the%20disease
(**)https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1540/medieval-cures-for-the-black-death/
11-https://origins.osu.edu/connecting-history/covid-black-death-plague-lessons?language_content_entity=en
12-https://www.livescience.com/2497-black-death-changed-world.html
https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1543/effects-of-the-black-death-on-europe/
13-https://jewinthepew.org/2015/09/26/26-september-1348-pope-clement-vi-exonerates-jews-from-causing-the-black-death-otdimjh/?fbclid=IwAR1YlZ_aAeGfMdRWMNgUCgBvCS7vkGLaVTgneGZnANed2KzVcGo4gs60KAc
14-https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1543/effects-of-the-black-death-on-europe/
https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/black-death#:~:text=The%20Black%20Death%20was%20a,the%20Sicilian%20port%20of%20Messina.
15-https://origins.osu.edu/connecting-history/covid-black-death-plague-lessons?language_content_entity=en
(17)
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/the-plague
https://www.thoughtco.com/global-impacts-of-the-black-death-1434480
18-https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/scientists-sequence-the-full-black-death-genome-and-find-the-mother-of-all-plagues
20-https://gen.medium.com/how-the-black-death-radically-changed-the-course-of-history-644386f5b803
https://www.thoughtco.com/global-impacts-of-the-black-death-1434480
22-https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21590-bubonic-plague
23-https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/07/coronavirus-pandemic-plagues-history.html
24-https://www.theweek.co.uk/106205/how-the-black-death-changed-the-world
https://origins.osu.edu/connecting-history/covid-black-death-plague-lessons?language_content_entity=en
https://www.thoughtco.com/global-impacts-of-the-black-death-1434480
25-https://gen.medium.com/how-the-black-death-radically-changed-the-course-of-history-644386f5b803
26-https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293343464_The_Reformation_and_the_Rise_of_Modern_Nation-states_in_Western_Europe
27-https://slate.com/business/2011/05/the-persistence-of-hate-german-communities-that-murdered-jews-in-the-middle-ages-were-more-likely-to-support-the-nazis-600-years-later.html
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1824744&http://www.econ.upf.edu/~voth/whatsnew.htm
29-https://www.theweek.co.uk/106205/how-the-black-death-changed-the-world
https://www.ranker.com/list/how-black-plague-changed-world/kellen-perry
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12393-black-death-casts-a-genetic-shadow-over-england/
30-https://www.ranker.com/list/how-black-plague-changed-world/kellen-perry
31- (34)
https://www.healthline.com/health-news/seriously-dont-worry-about-the-plague#Heres-how-the-plague-spreads
32- (34)
https://www.bbc.com/news/health-25916296
33-https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/black-death#:~:text=The%20Black%20Death%20was%20a,the%20Sicilian%20port%20of%20Messina.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/the-plague
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